Investor biographies and lessons.

• A clearly defined process that survives drawdowns intact.
• Independent temperament. Comfort being early, wrong, or alone.
• Position sizing discipline. Kelly-style sizing, not equal weighting.
• Permanent capital or patient LPs. Most great records depend on never being a forced seller.
• An obsession with mistakes. Post-mortems on losers, not victory laps on winners.

• Value (Graham, Buffett, Klarman, Marks): buy below intrinsic value with margin of safety.
• Growth (Fisher, Lynch, Akre): pay up for durable compounding at high incremental returns on capital.
• Macro (Soros, Druckenmiller, Dalio): bet on reflexivity, cycles, and policy errors.
• Quant (Simons, Asness, Shaw): systematic, statistically-tested edges executed at scale.

Start with Graham's Intelligent Investor, then Buffett's shareholder letters, then Munger's Poor Charlie's Almanack, then Howard Marks's memos, then Soros's Alchemy of Finance, and finally a quant primer like The Man Who Solved the Market. The archive includes profiles and primary sources for each.

Most legendary outside investors (Buffett, Marks, Klarman) also evaluate CEOs primarily as capital allocators. See capital allocation lessons for the inside-the-company counterpart to this page.